Thailand was called “Siam” in ancient and Siam people was called “Siamese“. Siam history, date back to 13th century, started from Sukhothai Kingdom in 1238 til now (2016) in Rattanakosin Era.
Sukhothai Kingdom (1238 – 1583)
Sukhothai was an early kingdom in the area around the Sukhothai city, in north central Thailand.
The present academic seem to accept that Sukhothai was not the first regime on the territory.
In 1448, Ramesuan, son of princess of Sukhothai and king Borommaracha II of Ayutthaya, was also crowned as the King of Ayutthaya, began the personal union between the Kingdom of Sukhothai and Ayutthaya. (wikipedia.org)
In 1583, Sukhothai is restored as a province within the Ayutthaya Kingdom after King Naresuan of Phitsanulok (and crown prince of Ayutthaya) won the combat with prince Mingyi Swa of Burma who died in single combat at Don Chedi in 1592. (wikipedia.org)
Ayutthaya Kingdom (1351 – 1767)
Thai history sometimes called it “Ayothaya“.
Ayutthaya was described by foreign traders as one of the biggest and wealthiest cities in the East. It was friendly towards foreign traders, including the Chinese, Vietnamese, Indians, Japanese and Persians, and later the Portuguese, Spaniards, Dutch and French, permitting them to set up villages outside the walls of the capital, also called “Ayutthaya“.
Thonburi Kingdom (1768 – 1782)
Has only one king named “Taksin the Great”
Thonburi kingdom has its location on the west bank at the mouth of the Chao Phraya river. Present day, “Thonburi” is used for calling the area of Bangkok on the west side of Chao Praya river (The east side called “ฝั่งพระนคร” or “Capital side” which means the Capital side).
image: Watkongdin team, wikipedia.org
Rattanakosin Kingdom (1782 – present)
(2016 on publishing day of the content)
Rattanakosin era began in 1782 following the establishment of Bangkok as capital of the Chakri Dynasty which has nine kings until now. The present king (year 2016) is King Bhumibol (passed away on Thursday 13 October 2016).
King Mongkut (4th king, reign 1851 – 1868) gave the name “Siam” official status and used until 23 June 1939 when it was first changed to “Thailand“. Thailand was renamed back to Siam from 1945 to 11 May 1949, after which it again reverted to “Thailand”.
Siamese revolution on 24 June 1932, during king Prajadhipok (7th king, reign 25 November 1925 – 2 March 1935) era, changed the system of government in siam from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy.
image: Aimaimyi, wikipedia.org
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